Binding of bacterial ligands to CD14 and sCD14. The involvement of LBP, (s)CD14, and TLR2 and TLR4 in the activation of CD14-expressing cells (e.g., macrophages) and of cells that do not express CD14 (e.g., endothelial cells) is shown. LPS (left) and PGN (right) represent TLR4- and TLR2-specific ligands, respectively.