Schemes of AtPirin1 Modes of Action.
Together with GPA1, AtPirin1 positively regulates seed germination and early seedling development by overcoming the negative effects of ABA and/or activating germination-promoting pathway(s). AtPirin1 mRNA levels are upregulated by ABA, suggesting the existence of a negative feedback regulatory loop of the ABA signaling pathway. Independent of GPA1, AtPirin1 is involved in the regulation of flowering time. Thick arrows indicate either known pathways or pathways established in this study.