Table 3.
Spatial regression analysis between rates of respiratory disease and pollutant, and the distance from communities to hospital and health office.
Summer | |||||||||
pollutant | pollutant and distance | ||||||||
Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value | Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value |
const. | 0.0446 | 0.0080 | 5.6046 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1045 | 0.0245 | 4.2664 | 0.0000 |
Pol | 0.0032 | 0.0010 | 3.2337 | 0.0012 | Pol | 0.0028 | 0.0009 | 3.1426 | 0.0017 |
avedis | -0.0126 | 0.0049 | -2.5463 | 0.0109 | |||||
const. | 0.0534 | 0.0113 | 4.7701 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1284 | 0.0310 | 4.1427 | 0.0000 |
TSP | 0.0038 | 0.0051 | 0.7398 | 0.4594 | TSP | 0.0046 | 0.0045 | 1.0106 | 0.3122 |
avedis | -0.0159 | 0.0063 | -2.5507 | 0.0108 | |||||
const. | 0.0409 | 0.0076 | 5.4068 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.0971 | 0.0232 | 4.1964 | 0.0000 |
SO2 | 0.0125 | 0.0032 | 3.9006 | 0.0001 | SO2 | 0.0109 | 0.0029 | 3.7228 | 0.0002 |
avedis | -0.0117 | 0.0046 | -2.5233 | 0.0116 | |||||
const. | 0.0404 | 0.0068 | 5.9647 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.0915 | 0.0211 | 4.3448 | 0.0000 |
NOx | 0.0084 | 0.0018 | 4.6049 | 0.0000 | NOx | 0.0076 | 0.0017 | 4.5734 | 0.0000 |
avedis | -0.0107 | 0.0042 | -2.5279 | 0.0115 | |||||
Rainy season | |||||||||
pollutant | pollutant and distance | ||||||||
Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value | Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value |
const. | 0.0581 | 0.0120 | 4.8358 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1342 | 0.0341 | 3.9329 | 0.0001 |
Pol | 0.0026 | 0.0011 | 2.1685 | 0.0301 | Pol | 0.0025 | 0.0011 | 2.2962 | 0.0217 |
avedis | -0.0160 | 0.0068 | -2.3513 | 0.0187 | |||||
const. | 0.0635 | 0.0144 | 4.4069 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1464 | 0.0378 | 3.8778 | 0.0001 |
TSP | 0.0122 | 0.0122 | 1.0007 | 0.3170 | TSP | 0.0150 | 0.0111 | 1.3519 | 0.1764 |
avedis | -0.0177 | 0.0076 | -2.3329 | 0.0197 | |||||
const. | 0.0624 | 0.0138 | 4.5339 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1435 | 0.0374 | 3.8353 | 0.0001 |
SO2 | 0.0036 | 0.0028 | 1.2863 | 0.1984 | SO2 | 0.0037 | 0.0025 | 1.4865 | 0.1371 |
avedis | -0.0172 | 0.0074 | -2.2975 | 0.0216 | |||||
const. | 0.0521 | 0.0099 | 5.2656 | 0.0000 | const. | 0.1187 | 0.0292 | 4.0626 | 0.0001 |
NOx | 0.0082 | 0.0023 | 3.5237 | 0.0004 | NOx | 0.0076 | 0.0021 | 3.5958 | 0.0003 |
avedis | -0.0139 | 0.0059 | -2.3935 | 0.0167 | |||||
Winter | |||||||||
pollutant | pollutant and distance | ||||||||
Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value | Variable | Coeff. | SE | z-value | p-value |
const. | 0.0451 | 0.0250 | 1.8020 | 0.0716 | const. | 0.1572 | 0.0633 | 2.4825 | 0.0131 |
Pol | 0.0021 | 0.0014 | 1.4637 | 0.1433 | Pol | 0.0008 | 0.0015 | 0.4878 | 0.6257 |
avedis | -0.0197 | 0.0103 | -1.9164 | 0.0553 | |||||
const. | 0.0516 | 0.0250 | 2.0621 | 0.0392 | const. | 0.1611 | 0.0552 | 2.9172 | 0.0035 |
TSP | 0.0158 | 0.0142 | 1.1112 | 0.2665 | TSP | 0.0074 | 0.0138 | 0.5380 | 0.5906 |
avedis | -0.0205 | 0.0093 | -2.1921 | 0.0284 | |||||
const. | 0.0390 | 0.0255 | 1.5301 | 0.1260 | const. | 0.1476 | 0.0688 | 2.1450 | 0.0320 |
SO2 | 0.0058 | 0.0033 | 1.7412 | 0.0817 | SO2 | 0.0023 | 0.0038 | 0.6082 | 0.5430 |
avedis | -0.0184 | 0.0109 | -1.6955 | 0.0900 | |||||
const. | 0.0510 | 0.0242 | 2.1090 | 0.0350 | const. | 0.1646 | 0.0599 | 2.7473 | 0.0060 |
NOx | 0.0037 | 0.0030 | 1.2334 | 0.2174 | NOx | 0.0011 | 0.0030 | 0.3609 | 0.7182 |
avedis | -0.0205 | 0.0099 | -2.0542 | 0.0399 |
const. = constant, coeff = coefficient, SE, = standard error, Pol = total pollutant, TSP = total suspended particle, SO2 = sulfur dioxide, NOx = nitrogen oxide, avedis = average distance from community to hospital and health office