Disruption of hFis1 function alters mitochondrial shape and distribution. (A and A′) Clone 9 cells harboring GFP-mitochondria were transfected with Myc-hFis1ΔC. Mitochondria in the cell overexpressing Myc-hFis1ΔC (arrows) displayed a collapsed phenotype. (B and B′) Anti-hFis1 antibodies were microinjected into Clone 9 cells harboring GFP-mitochondria to inhibit hFis1 function. By 2 h, mitochondria in antibody-injected cells (arrows) became elongated and collapsed around the nucleus. (C and C′) Antisense oligonucleotides were introduced into Clone 9 cells to reduce the expression of hFis1. At 48 h posttransfection, cells were either fixed for immunofluorescence or lysed for immunoblotting. A 50% reduction of hFis1 expression was observed when normalized to tubulin by immunoblotting (inset). Anti-cytochrome c staining showed that cells (arrows) displayed a fission-defective mitochondrial morphology. N, nucleus; S, sense; AS, antisense.