Table 5.
Population-based HIV prevalence trends of groups with high mobility index¶ by sex in selected areas in Zambia, 1995–2003
| Sex | Residence | Year | HIV prevalence (n) | Age-adjusted Odds Ratio (OR)ψ for likelihood of HIV infection in 1999 and 2003 (Reference, 1995) | χ2 for linear trend (P value) |
| Males | Rural | 1995 | 19.1(94) | 1.00 | 0.255 |
| 1999 | 12.6(87) | 0.59(0.26–1.33) | |||
| 2003 | 16.3(104) | 0.72(0.34–1.54) | |||
| Urban | 1995 | 23.0(226) | 1.00 | 0.036 | |
| 1999 | 23.4(107) | 0.98(0.56–1.75) | |||
| 2003 | 14.7(197) | 0.52(0.31–0.88) | |||
| Females | Rural | 1995 | 20.0(65) | 1.00 | 0.289 |
| 1999 | 15.9(107) | 0.74(0.33–1.66) | |||
| 2003 | 16.4(128) | 0.77(0.35–1.67) | |||
| Urban | 1995 | 35.0(314) | 1.00 | 0.009 | |
| 1999 | 28.1(139) | 0.75(0.48–1.18) | |||
| 2003 | 25.0(252) | 0.63(0.43–0.92) | |||
Notes 1. ¶ High mobility index was a composite measure of groups who travelled out of station frequently for any reason and have lived at current residence for less or equal to two years. 2. ORψ was adjusted for age and school years (as a continuous variable), employment status and marital status. Statistically significant OR highlighted in bold 3. Extended Mantel-Haenszel Chi square for linear trend, (1 degree of freedom) with continuity correction was used; highlighted in bold is statistically significant P value 4. Sample sizes were n = 585 in rural and 1235 in urban (age group 15–49 years).