Table 1.
Penetration of benzophenone-3 from each of the vehicles studied following application of an infinite dose to human epidermis or high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane
| Vehicle | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parametera | LP | CO | EC | AC | OC |
| Js | 9.25 | 1.64 | 7.95 | 5.26 | 6.16 |
| Jm | 54.22 | 9.15 | 12.56 | 14.26 | 42.53 |
| Rsb | 30.2 ± 6.1 | 14.8 ± 10.6 | 60.0 ± 8.4 | 24.0 ± 1.6 | 23.5 ± 2.3 |
| Kps | 2.3 × 10–3 | 4.1 × 10–4 | 2.0 × 10–3 | 1.2 × 10–3 | 1.65 × 10–3 |
| Kpm | 2.7 × 10–3 | 4.73 × 10–4 | 6.3 × 10–4 | 7.1 × 10–4 | 2.1 × 10–3 |
| Kps/Kpm | 0.84 | 0.86 | 3.17 | 1.73 | 0.77 |
| ds | 0.61 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.53 |
| κs | 7.5 × 10–4 | 9.4 × 10–4 | 1.5 × 10–3 | 6.0 × 10–4 | 5.87 × 10–4 |
a
Units: J = μg/cm2 • h; R = μg; d = cm–2 • h–1; κ = cm–3.
b
Mean ± SEM of 5 replicates.
Abbreviations: AC, aqueous cream; CO, coconut oil; EC, ethanol:coconut oil; LP, liquid paraffin; OC, oily cream; m, HDPE membrane values; s, epidermis values; J, flux; Rs, amount remaining in epidermis; Kp, permeability coefficient; d, diffusion; κ, apparent partition.