Table 1. Minimal glossary of Gaulish translated into European languages.
| Gaulish | English | Latin | Classical Greek | Old Irish | Mod. Irish | Mod. Scots Gaelic | Mod. Welsh | Mod. Breton | Mod. French | Mod. Occitan | Mod. Italian | Mod. Spanish | Mod. Basque |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syntax: SV (a) | SV (a) | SV (a) | SV (a) | VS (b) | VS (b) | VS (b) | VS (b) | VS (b) | SV (a) | SV (a) | SV (a) | SV (a) | SX (z) |
| -OS (a) | (nom.sg.masc.suffix) (b) | -us (a) | -oς (a) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | -o (a) | -o (a) | -a (z) |
| -I (a) | (gen.sg.masc.suffix) -s (b) | -i (a) | -ov (a) | ICM, vowel change (c) | ICM, vowel change (c) | ICM, vowel change (c) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | -(r)en (z) |
| -V (a) | (dat.sg.masc.suffix) (b) | -o, -u (a) | -ω (a) | ICM, vowel change (c) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | Absent (b) | -(r)entzat(ke) (z) |
| -A (a) | (nom.sg.fem.suffix) (b) | -a (a) | -η, -α (a) | ICM (c) | ICM (c) | ICM (c) | ICM (c) | ICM (c) | -e (a) | -a (a) | -a (a) | -a (a) | -a (a) |
| -AS (a) | (gen.sg.fem.suffix) -s (a) | -ae (b) | -ης, -ας (a) | Vowel change (c) | Vowel change/add. (c) | Vowel change (c) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | Absent (d) | -(r)en (z) |
| parapsidi>paraxidi (a) | ps frequent (b) | ps frequent (b) | ps frequent (b) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) | ps rare (a) |
| TEUO- (a) | to gods (b) | deis (a) | Θε∘ισι(ν) (a) | do déib (a) | do dhéithe (a) | do dhiadhan (a) | i dduwian (a) | d'an Doueed (a) | aux dieux (a) | als dius (a) | agli die (a) | a los dioses (a) | jainkoei (z) |
| -XTONION (a) | and to men (b) | et hominibus (c) | και ανΘρωπ∘ισι(ν) (d) | ocus do daínib (a) | agus do dhaoine (a) | agus do dhaoinean (a) | ac i ddynion (a) | ha d'an dud (a) | et aux hommes (c) | e als òmes (c) | ed agli uomini (c) | y a los hombres (c) | eta gizakiei (z) |
| IEVRV, IOVRVS...(a) | has offered (b) | obtulit (b) | διδ∘ναι,παρεχειν(c) | ro ír (a) | tá sé tar éis a íobairt (a) | thairgse (d) | mae e wedi cynnig (e) | deus kinniget (e) | a offert (b) | a ofèrt (b) | ha offerto (b) | ha ofrecido (b) | eman die (z) |
| -IKNOS (a) | (patronymic suffix) son of (b) | fil. + gen. (b) | gen. (b) | mac + gen. (b) | (mac) + gen. (b) | mac + gen. (b) | ap/ab + name (b) | mab + name (b) | fils de + name (b) | filh de + name (b) | (b) | (b) | (b) |
| TARVOS (a) | bull (b) | taurus (a) | τανρ∘ς (a) | tarb (a) | tarbh (a) | tarbh (a) | tarw (a) | tarv (a) | taureau (a) | taure/taur (a) | toro (a) | toro (a) | zezen (z) |
| TRI- (a) | three- (a) | tri- (a) | τρι- (a) | trí- (a) | trí- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | tri- (a) | hiru- (z) |
| GARANVS (a) | crane (a) | grus (a) | γεραν∘ς (a) | corr (a) | corr mhóna (a) | absent (b) | garan, crychedd (a,c) | garan (a) | grue (a) | grua (a) | gru (a) | grulla (a) | kurrilo (a) |
| Tuθos (a) | oven (b) | furnus (c) | ιπν∘ς (d) | sorn (e) | sorn (e) | abhan (b) | ffwrn (c) | forn (c) | four (c) | forn (c) | forno (c) | horno (c) | labea (z) |
| LUXTODOS (a) | loaded (a) | oneratus (b) | γεμιστ∘ς (c) | lán (a) | lán (a) | lionta (a) | llawn (a) | karget (d) | chargé (d) | cargat (d) | carico (d) | cargado (d) | beteta (z) |
| SUMMA UXSEDIA (a) | grand total (b) | summa summarum (c) | πας αριΘμ∘ς (d) | Not determined | an t-iomlán (e) | cunntas (f) | cyfanswm (g) | absent (h) | total général (i) | en tot (j) | importo totale (k) | total (j) | guztira (z) |
| ETI (a) | thing as well as thing (b) | item (c) | και (d) | ocus (e) | agus (e) | agus (e) | a/ac (e) | ha/hag (e) | et (a) | e (a) | e (a) | y (f) | eta (a) |
| DUCI (a) | person and person (b) | et (c) | και (d) | ocus (e) | agus (e) | agus (e) | a/ac (e) | ha/hag (e) | et (c) | e (c) | e (c) | y (f) | eta (c) |
| ...DUCI... TONI... (a) | person (and), p. and p. (b) | p. et p. et p. (c) | p. και p. και p. (d) | p. ocus p. ocus p. (e) | p., p. agus p. (e) | p. agus p. agus p. (e) | p., p. a/ac p. (e) | p., p. ha/hag p. (e) | p., p. et p. (c) | p., p. e p. (c) | p., p e p. (c) | p., p. y p. (f) | p., eta p eta p. (c) |
| AVVOT, etc. (a) | has made (b) | fecit (c) | π∘ιειν, δραν (d) | do-rigni (e) | dhein sé, rinne sé (e) | rinn (e) | mae e wedi gwneud (f) | deus graet (g) | a fait (c) | a fach (c) | ha fatto (c) | ha hecho (h) | egin du (z) |
| CINTUX (a) | first (b) | primus (c) | πρωτ∘ς (c) | cétnae (a) | céad- (a) | ceud (a) | cyntaf (a) | kentan (a) | premier (c) | primièr (c) | primo (c) | primero (c) | lehenengoa (z) |
| ALLOS (a) | second (b) | secundus (b) | δεντερ∘ς (c) | tánaise/aile (a) | dara (d) | darna (d) | ail (a) | eil (a) | seconde (b) | segond (b) | secondo (b) | segundo (b) | bigarrena (z) |
| TR[] (a) | third (a) | tertius (a) | τριτ∘ς (a) | triss (a) | tríú (a) | treas (a) | trydydd (a) | trede (a) | troisième (a) | tresen (a) | terzo (a) | tercero (a) | hirugarrena (z) |
| PETUAR[] (a) | fourth (b) | quartus (c) | τεταρτ∘ς (d) | cethramad (c) | ceathrú (c) | ceithreamh (c) | pedwerydd (a) | pevare (a) | quatrième (c) | quatren (c) | quarto (c) | cuarto (c) | laugarrena (z) |
| PINPETOS (a) | fifth (b) | quintus (c) | πεμπτ∘ς (a) | cóiced (c) | cúigiú (c) | coigeamh (c) | pumed (a) | pempvet (a) | cinquième (c/d) | cinquen (c/d) | quinto (c) | quinto (c) | bostgarrena (z) |
| SUEXOS (a) | sixth (a) | sextus (a) | εκτ∘ς (a) | seissed (a) | séú (a) | siathamh (a) | chweched (a) | c'hwec'hvet (a) | sixième (a) | seisen (a) | sesto (a) | sexto (a) | seigarrena (a) |
| SEXTAMETOS (a) | seventh (a) | septimus (a) | εβδ∘μ∘ς (a) | sechtmad (a) | seachtú (a) | seachdamh (a) | seithfed (a) | seizhvet (a) | septième (a) | seten (a) | sèttimo (a) | septimo (a) | zazpigarrena (z) |
| OXTUMETO[] (a) | eighth (a) | octauius (a) | ∘γδ∘∘ς (a) | ochtmad (a) | ochtú (a) | ochdamh (a) | wythfed (a) | eizhvet (a) | huitième (a) | ochen (a) | ottavo (a) | octavo (a) | zortzigarrena (z) |
| NAMET[] (a) | ninth (a) | nonius (a) | ενατ∘ς (a) | nómad (a) | naoú (a) | naoidheamh (a) | nawfed (a) | navet (a) | neuvième (a) | noven (a) | nono (a) | noveno (a) | bederatzigarrena (z) |
| DECAMETOS (a) | tenth (b) | decimus (a) | δεκατ∘ς (a) | dechmad (a) | deichiú (a) | deicheamh (a) | degfed (a) | dekvet (a) | dixième (a) | desen (a) | dècimo (a) | décimo (a) | hamargarrena (z) |
| M, MID (a) | month (a) | mensis (a) | μην (a) | mí (a) | mí (a) | mios (a) | mis (a) | miz (a) | mois (a) | mes (a) | mese (a) | mes (a) | hilea (z) |
| LAT (a) | day (b) | dies (b) | ημερα (c) | laithe (a) | lá (a) | latha (a) | dydd (b) | deiz (b) | jour (d) | jorn, (dia) (d,b) | giorno (d) | día (b) | eguna (z) |
| MATIR (a) | mother (a) | mater (a) | μητηρ (a) | máthair (a) | máthair (a) | màthair (a) | mam (b) | mamm (b) | mère (a) | maire (a) | madre (a) | madre (a) | ama (b) |
| DUXTIR (a) | daughter (a) | filia (b) | Θυγατηρ(a) | ingen (c) | iníon (c) | nighean (c) | merch (d) | merc'h (d) | fille (b) | filha (b) | figlia (b) | hija (e) | alaba (z) |