Induction of S. gordonii AI-2 production by Na2CO3 in a concentration-dependent manner. Time courses of culture densities (A) and AI-2 induction levels (B) of wild-type S. gordonii grown in BHIS supplemented with 0 mM (circles), 12 mM (squares), 24 mM (triangles), and 48 mM (diamonds) Na2CO3. All time course experiments were repeated at least six times, and the averages of three representative independent experiments with standard deviations are shown (B). KU, Klett units.