Figure 8.

Numerical solutions to the NLTI models for locusts R (red), G (green) and B (blue), with initial conditions $w_0=w_{\overline{\text{e}}}$, q₀=0, ${\theta }_0={\theta }_{\overline{\text{e}}}$ and $u_0=u_{\overline{\text{e}}}\pm 0.001$. The solutions for $u_0=u_{\overline{\text{e}}}+0.001$ (dashed lines) tend to diverge more slowly than those for $u_0=u_{\overline{\text{e}}}-0.001$ (solid lines). The solutions are only plotted for as long as the speed remains within the range 2.0 m s⁻¹≤U≤5.5 m s⁻¹ and the body angle remains within the range 0°≤α≤14°. These ranges correspond to the range of flight conditions over which the forces were measured in the experiments by Taylor & Thomas (2003), and to which the empirical models of force production are fitted.