Figure 2. Carotid body-mediated augmentation of basal spontaneous ventilation and ventilatory CO₂ chemosensitivity measured during rebreathing.

Means ± s.e.m. of at 40 mmHg, sensitivity, mean inspiratory flow rate (MIF = V_T/T_i) CO₂ sensitivity, timing (T_i/T_tot) CO₂ sensitivity, tidal volume (V_T) CO₂ sensitivity, frequency CO₂ sensitivity, inspiratory time (T_i) CO₂ sensitivity and expiratory time (T_e) CO₂ sensitivity in sham (n = 6) and CSNX (n = 6) animals, pre-insulin (40–10 min prior) and during (20–120 min post-) insulin infusion at 0.4 u min⁻¹ kg⁻¹. *Significant difference (P < 0.05) from pre-insulin levels.