Table 1.

Group mean femoral arterial (Q_fa) and femoral venous blood flow (Q_fv) responses to diaphragm and ribcage breathing at rest and during calf exercise (n = 5)

	Qfa (l min−1)	Qfv (l min−1)	MAP (mmHg)	Qfa (% of Rest)	Qfv (% of Rest)	Qfa,I/Qfa,TOT (%)	Qfv,I/Qfv,TOT (%)	CSAfv (end-exp)	CSAfv (end-insp)	Femoral arterial conductance (ml mmHg−1 min−1)
Rest
Ribcage	0.42 (±0.10)	0.73 (±0.13)	84 (±5)	—	—	48 (±1)	65 (±8)	1.32 (±0.17)	1.25 (±0.16)	5 (±1)
Diaphragm	0.42 (±0.10)	0.64 (±0.11)	84 (±5)	—	—	49 (±1)	−11 (±10)‡§	1.34 (±0.17)	1.50 (±0.16)	5 (±1)
Mild calf contraction
Ribcage	0.89 (±0.10)*	1.10 (±0.17)*	87 (±6)	235 (±38)*	168 (±23)*	47 (±1)	57 (±7)	1.37 (±0.19)	1.28 (0.16)	11 (1)*
Diaphragm	0.88 (±0.09)*	1.04 (±0.17)*	85 (±5)	232 (±37)*	173 (±22)*	48 (±1)	13 (±5)§‡	1.34 (±0.15)	1.52 (±0.16)¶	11 (±2)*
Moderate calf contraction
Ribcage	1.26 (±0.17)*†	1.57 (±0.19)*†	83 (±4)	319 (±34)*†	239 (±27)*†	48 (±1)	60 (±4)	1.35 (±0.24)	1.24 (±0.20)	15 (±1)*†
Diaphragm	1.27 (±0.17)*†	1.57 (±0.17)*†	82 (±5)	330 (±56)*†	259 (±20)*†	48 (±1)	18 (±5)*†‡§	1.38 (±0.15)	1.60 (±0.18)¶	15 (±1)*†

Q_fa, mean femoral arterial blood flow; Q_fv, mean femoral venous blood flow; MAP, mean arterial blood pressure; Q_fa,I/Q_fa,TOT, inspiratory Q_fa divided by the total Q_fa over the course of a breath; Q_fv,I/Q_fv,TOT, inspiratory Q_fv divided by the total Q_fv over the course of a breath; CSA_fv, femoral venous cross-sectional area.

^*Significant change from resting conditions during same breathing pattern, P < 0.05;

^†significantly different from mild calf contraction conditions during same breathing pattern, P < 0.05;

^‡significantly different from ribcage breathing conditions, P < 0.05;

^§significant difference between flow during inspiration and flow during expiration, P < 0.001;

^¶significantly different from end-expiratory CSA_fv during same breathing pattern, P < 0.05.