Table 2.

Group mean femoral venous blood velocity responses from protocol 2 during ribcage, diaphragm and ribcage with manual abdominal compression breathing conditions at rest and during mild calf exercise (n = 5)

	(cm s−1)	∫Vfv,I/∫Vfv,TOT (%)	ΔPES,I (cmH2O)	ΔPGA,I (cmH2O)	MAP (mmHg)
Rest
Ribcage	13.0 ± 4.7	115 ± 44	–7.9 ± 1.3	–2.4 ± 1.7	94 ± 3
Diaphragm	10.2 ± 2.4	6 ± 9	–5.4 ± 1.3	5.6 ± 1.9	94 ± 3
Ribcage + abdominal compression	9.8 ± 3.3	6 ± 21†	–8.1 ± 1.2	3.2 ± 1.0*	93 ± 3
Mild calf contraction
Ribcage	18.0 ± 2.4	69 ± 10	–8.1 ± 1.5	–1.69 ± 1.3	94 ± 5
Diaphragm	15.3 ± 2.1	18.9 ± 1.6	–6.5 ± 1.3	6.3 ± 1.8†	96 ± 4
Ribcage + abdominal compression	17.5 ± 2.9	31.6 ± 10.4†	–7.8 ± 1.7	3.55 ± 1.4†	97 ± 5

, mean femoral venous blood velocity over the course of a breath; ∫V_fv,I/∫V_fv,TOT, integrated femoral venous blood velocity during inspiration divided by integrated blood velocity over the course of a breath; ΔP_ES,I inspiratory oesophageal pressure excursion; ΔP_GA,I, inspiratory gastric pressure excursion.

^*Significantly different from ribcage breathing at rest, P < 0.05;

^†significantly different from ribcage breathing during mild calf contraction, P < 0.05.