Figure 3.

Kinetics of hyponastic growth (A) and petiole length increase (B) of the third petiole of submerged R. palustris plants (27 d old) manipulated to achieve initial petiole angles of 30°, 40°, 50°, 60°, or 70° at the time of submergence, or non-manipulated plants. Plots are means of three replicate plants (“no manipulation”: nine replicate plants). Typical control plots (eight replicates) for non-manipulated plants are shown. Mean se never exceeded 3% for the angle data and 27% for the length data.