Schematic structure of binary plasmid pBI121, which was used for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. The cDNA sequence encoding the S1 glycoprotein of IBV was cloned downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV 35S-Pro) in recombinant pBI121, followed by the nopaline synthase terminator (NOS-Ter). NOS-Pro, nopaline synthase promoter; LB, left border; RB, right border.