Table 2.
Means and Standard Deviations of Control and Outcome Variables for Offender Trajectory Groups (SD in Parentheses)
| Chronic HL Offenders (n = 32) | Chronic LL Offenders (n = 38) | Decreasing HL Offenders (n = 57) | Decreasing LL Offenders (n = 44) | Very Rare Offenders (n = 33) | F – Statistic df(4, 199) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Childhood Proxies | ||||||
| Alcohol Use | 0.09 (.93) | .04 (1.12) | .13 (1.11) | .01 (.95) | −.37 (.71) | 1.47 |
| Drug Use | .12 (1.15) | .02 (.85) | .19 (1.48) | −.19 (.36) | −.22 (.14) | 1.42 |
| Depressive Symptoms | .15 (1.22) | −.00 (.94) | .04 (.91) | .09 (.99) | −.33 (.98) | 1.16 |
| Adolescent Proxies | ||||||
| Alcohol Use | .97 (1.75)C | −.02 (.93) A,B,C | −.04 (.72) B | −.36 (.27) A | −.38 (.34) A | 12.54*** |
| Drug Use | 1.20 (1.56) C | −.22 (.51) A,B | .07 (.92) B | −.42 (.33) A | −.47 (.24) A | 22.61*** |
| Depressive Symptoms | .33 (1.00) B | −.13 (1.02) A,B | .14 (.99) A,B | −.00 (1.00) A,B | −.40 (.89) A | 2.73* |
| Young Adult Outcomes | ||||||
| Alcohol Use | .45 (1.29) C | .26 (1.09) B,C | .04 (1.03) A,B,C | −.31 (.76) A,B | −.38 (.42) A | 4.90*** |
| Drug Use | .87 (1.11) C | .10 (.95) B | −.13 (.96) A,B | −.21 (.90) A,B | −.46 (.59) A | 10.18*** |
| Depressive Symptoms | .61 (1.11) B | −.07 (.91) A | .01 (1.07) A,B | −.06 (.87) A | −.46 (.76) A | 5.20*** |
Note: For ease of comparison, all variables were standardized prior to analysis. Means with different subscripts differed significantly (p < .05) by Bonferroni post-hoc tests (Tamahane T2 post-hoc tests for variables with unequal variances). Very rare offenders = rare offenders plus nonoffenders together. HL = High Level. LL = Low Level.
***
p < .001.
*
p < .05.