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. 2000 Jul 25;97(16):8950–8954. doi: 10.1073/pnas.160252097

Table 1.

The shotgun scanning code

Amino  acid Shotgun codon* Shotgun substitutions
C KST A/C/G/S
D GMT A/D
E GMA A/E
F KYT A/F/S/V
G GST A/G
H SMT A/H/D/P
I RYT A/I/T/V
K RMA A/K/E/T
L SYT A/L/P/V
M RYG A/M/T/V
N RMC A/N/D/T
P SCA A/P
Q SMA A/Q/E/P
R SST A/R/G/P
S KCC A/S
T RCT A/T
V GYT A/V
W KSG A/W/G/S
Y KMT A/Y/D/S

For each amino acid, the appropriate shotgun codon ideally encodes only the wt amino acid or alanine, but the nature of the genetic code necessitates the occurrence of two other amino acids for some shotgun substitutions. Single-letter amino acid and nucleotide abbreviations are used. 

*

DNA degeneracies are represented by IUB code (K = G/T, M = A/C, N = A/C/G/T, R = A/G, S = G/C, W = A/T, Y = C/T).