Characterization of T7.1 (A) Lysis of log-phase liquid cultures of E. coli BL21 (30°C) by wild-type T7 (black), alpha-WT chimera (red), WT-beta-WT chimera (blue), alpha-beta-WT chimera (orange); absorbance of 0.275 is ∼2E8 cells/ml. Vertical bars show standard deviation at each time point (based on four replicates) (Supplementary information). (B) T7 plaques on E. coli BL21 (24 h, 37°C, 10 cm Petri dish). Clockwise from top left: wild-type (WT) T7, alpha-WT chimera, WT-beta-WT chimera, alpha-beta-WT chimera (Supplementary information).