Table 1.

Rome II Diagnostic Criteria for Constipation[13]

Two or more of the following symptoms for at least 12 weeks (not necessarily consecutive) in the preceding 12 months:

Straining in > 25% of defecations Lumpy or hard stools in > 25% of defecations Sensation of incomplete evacuation in > 25% of defecations Sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockade in > 25% of defecations Manual maneuvers to facilitate > 25% of defecations (eg, digital evacuation, support of the pelvic floor) and/or < 3 defecations/week

Loose stools are not present, and criteria for irritable bowel syndrome are insufficient.