Table 3.
Associations of changes in individual food intake and physical activity with BMI change to 24 months.
| 24-Month BMI Change | ||||||||
| Men | Women | |||||||
| Change in Food Intake | B | SE | p | d | B | SE | p | d |
| Hamburgers | 0.17 | 0.06 | < .01 | .36 | 0.32 | 0.06 | < .01 | .37 |
| Beef | 0.18 | 0.05 | < .01 | .40 | 0.19 | 0.05 | < .01 | .32 |
| Fried chicken | 0.04 | 0.07 | .52 | .08 | -0.02 | 0.09 | .83 | .02 |
| Hot dogs | 0.15 | 0.07 | .02 | .28 | 0.19 | 0.09 | .04 | .16 |
| Cold cuts | 0.00 | 0.03 | .97 | .00 | -0.03 | 0.03 | .28 | .09 |
| Salad dressings, mayonnaise | 0.09 | 0.03 | < .01 | .33 | 0.06 | 0.03 | .02 | .18 |
| Margarine or butter | 0.08 | 0.02 | < .01 | .43 | 0.09 | 0.02 | < .01 | .42 |
| Eggs | -0.00 | 0.04 | .99 | .01 | -0.00 | 0.03 | .99 | .00 |
| Bacon or sausage | 0.06 | 0.05 | .19 | .16 | 0.20 | 0.06 | < .01 | .26 |
| Cheese | 0.06 | 0.03 | .03 | .26 | 0.05 | 0.02 | .01 | .19 |
| Whole milk | -0.02 | 0.05 | .66 | .06 | 0.08 | 0.05 | .11 | .12 |
| French fries | 0.32 | 0.07 | < .01 | .56 | 0.18 | 0.06 | < .01 | .23 |
| Potato chips, corn chips, popcorn | 0.10 | 0.04 | < .01 | .33 | 0.05 | 0.03 | .07 | .14 |
| Ice cream | 0.10 | 0.04 | .01 | .30 | 0.08 | 0.03 | < .01 | .20 |
| Doughnuts, pastries, cake, cookies | 0.09 | 0.03 | < .01 | .35 | 0.05 | 0.02 | .02 | .17 |
| Total fat | 0.04 | 0.01 | < .01 | .69 | 0.03 | 0.01 | < .01 | .41 |
| Orange juice | -0.02 | 0.02 | .30 | .11 | 0.01 | 0.01 | .29 | .08 |
| Fruit, not counting juice | -0.07 | 0.02 | < .01 | .52 | -0.04 | 0.01 | < .01 | .25 |
| Green salad | -0.06 | 0.02 | < .01 | .31 | -0.06 | 0.02 | < .01 | .26 |
| Potatoes | 0.04 | 0.03 | .13 | .18 | 0.04 | 0.02 | .10 | .13 |
| Beans | -0.03 | 0.03 | .34 | .11 | -0.02 | 0.03 | .40 | .06 |
| Other vegetables | -0.05 | 0.02 | < .01 | .31 | -0.06 | 0.01 | < .01 | .35 |
| High-fiber or bran cereal | -0.05 | 0.02 | < .01 | .38 | -0.05 | 0.01 | < .01 | .29 |
| Dark bread | -0.04 | 0.02 | .02 | .29 | -0.02 | 0.01 | .11 | .12 |
| White bread | 0.02 | 0.02 | .31 | .12 | 0.02 | 0.01 | .10 | .13 |
| Total fruit/vegetable/fiber | -0.02 | 0.01 | < .01 | .51 | -0.02 | 0.00 | < .01 | .29 |
Note. N = 291 men, 697 women. Analyses controlled for age, education level, baseline BMI (continuous), and baseline food intake (continuous; servings per month). For Cohen's effect size statistic (d), small = .20, medium = .50, large = .80.