Virulence of lpg1− promastigotes is attenuated. Mouse infections: (A) 106 stationary-phase WT (□), lpg1− (◊), and lpg1−/+LPG1 (○) parasites were inoculated into the footpad, and lesion formation as measured by the increase in size is shown. (B) Quantitation of lesion formation. 106, 105, and 104 stationary phase WT parasites were inoculated and lesion formation monitored. Macrophage survival (symbols are as in A): (C) C3-opsonized stationary phase WT, lpg1− and lpg1−/+LPG1 promastigote-stage parasites were inoculated into peritoneal macrophages and parasite survival monitored. (D) Amastigote stage parasites were recovered from infected mice (A) and used to inoculate peritoneal macrophages following C3 opsonization at a ratio of 10 parasites/macrophage. Parasite survival was determined as the number of parasites/100 macrophages and is expressed relative to the WT, and was determined in at least two independent triplicate experiments. In all panels, bars show the standard deviations.