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. 2006 Sep 7;6(1):124–134. doi: 10.1102/1470-7330.2006.0020

Table 1.

TNM staging classification of testicular tumours [10]

Primary tumour
The extent of the primary tumour is classified after radical orchidectomy (pT)
pTX Primary tumour cannot be assessed (if no radical orchidectomy has been performed, TX is used)
pT0 No evidence of primary tumour (e.g. histological scar in testis)
pTis Intratubular germ cell neoplasia
pT1 Tumour limited to testis and epididymis without vascular/lymphatic invasion; tumour may invade into the tunica albuginea but not the tunica vaginalis
pT2 Tumour limited to testis and epididymis with vascular/lymphatic invasion, or tumour extending through tunica albuginea with involvement of tunica vaginalis
pT3 Tumour invades spermatic cord with or without vascular/lymphatic invasion
pT4 Tumour invades scrotum with or without vascular/lymphatic invasion
Regional lymph nodes
Clinical involvement
NX Regional nodes cannot be assessed
N0 No regional lymph node metastasis
N1 Metastasis with a lymph node mass ≤2 cm in greatest dimension or multiple lymph nodes none >2 cm in greatest dimension
N2 Metastasis with a lymph node mass >2 cm but <5 cm in greatest dimension, or multiple lymph nodes, any one mass >2 cm but ≤5 cm in greatest dimension
N3 Metastasis with a lymph node mass >5 cm in greatest dimension
Pathological involvement
pN0 No regional lymph node metastases
pN1 Metastasis with a lymph node mass ≤2 cm in greatest dimension and 5 or fewer positive nodes, none >2 cm in greatest dimension
pN2 Metastasis with a lymph node mass >2 cm but ≤5 cm in greatest dimensions; or more than five nodes positive, none >5 cm; or evidence of extranodal extension of tumour
pN3 Metastasis with a lymph node mass >5 cm in greatest dimension
Distant metastases
MX Distant metastasis cannot be assessed
M0 No distant metastasis
M1 Distant metastasis
M1a Non-regional lymph node or pulmonary metastasis
M1b Distant metastasis other than to non-regional lymph nodes and lungs