. 2006 Nov 30;6:39. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-39

Table 3.

Antimicrobial activity of 21 essential oils against P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa and E. coli using disc diffusion method

Oil Name	*P. vulgaris*				*P. aeruginosa*				*E. coli*
Concentration	1:1	1:5	1:10	1:20	1:1	1:5	1:10	1:20	1:1	1:5	1:10	1:20

Aniseed oil	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Calamus oil	11.1 ± 0.7^gh	9.2 ± 0.5^h	-	-	13.8 ± 0.5^ef	12.8 ± 0.4^f	9.2 ± 0.7 ^d	8.3 ± 0.5 ^d	-	-	-	-
Camphor oil	8.8 ± 0.7 ^hi	-	-	-	10 ± 0.5^gh	-	-	-	8.8 ± 1^d	-	-	-
Cedar wood	14.1 ± 1.1^f	12.9 ± 0.5^g	8.2 ± 0.5^f	-	15.6 ± 0.5^de	14.1 ± 0.9^ef	8.23 ± 0.5^d	-	-	-	-	-
Cinnamon oil	29.4 ± 0.5^a	27 ± 0^a	18.6 ± 1.52^a	14.1 ± 0.4^b	33.3 ± 1.6^a	32.2 ± 0.5^a	24.4 ± 0.5^a	21 ± 0^a	29.8 ± 0.7^a	26 ± 1^a	23.8 ± 1^a	21 ± 0.2^a
Citronella oil	19.5 ± 0.5^cd	11.3 ± 0.7^g	-	-	12.1 ± 0.5^fg	10.4 ± 0.5^g	-	-	-	-	-	-
Clove oil	20.1 ± 1^c	18.2 ± 0.5^d	11.8 ± 0.5^d	8 ± 0^e	17.4 ± 0.7^d	15.5 ± 0.2^e	8.5 ± 0.5^d	-	17.4 ± 2^c	15.1 ± 0.5^c	10.8 ± 0.5^e	8 ± 0^c
Eucalyptus oil	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8.5 ± 1^d	-	-	-
Geranium oil	19 ± 0.2^de	14.6 ± 0.2^e	11 ± 1.5^ef	8.3 ± 0^e	21.5 ± 0.2^c	19.2 ± 1.2^d	9.4 ± 0.5^d	-	14.1 ± 1^c	10.4 ± 1^d	-	-
Lavender	10.8 ± 0.5^ghi	9.3 ± 0.5^h	-	-	12.1 ± 0.9^fg	9.9 ± 0.7^g	-	-	-	-	-	-
Lemon oil	22.5 ± 0.5^b	18.9 ± 0.5^d	15.5 ± 0.5^c	10.7 ± 0.2^d	21.4 ± 1.1^c	19.9 ± 0.7^cd	9.1 ± 0.2^d	-	21.6 ± 0.5^b	18.9 ± 0.5^b	10.6 ± 0.2^e	-
Lemongrass oil	14.6 ± 0.7^f	12.1 ± 0.2^g	9.5 ± 0.5^ef	-	23.4 ± 1^c	19.6 ± 0.5^d	9.1 ± 0.5^d	-	-	-	-	-
Lime oil	27.8 ± 0.5^a	24 ± 0^b	17.9 ± 0.1^ab	13 ± 1^c	25.5 ± 1^b	23.5 ± 0.5^b	13.6 ± 0.7^c	9.3 ± 0.8^c	22.7 ± 0.5^b	18.9 ± 1^b	15.6 ± 0.5^c	17.6 ± 1.5^b
Nutmeg	14.5 ± 0.7^f	11.9 ± 0.2^g	8 ± 0 ^f	-	15.5 ± 0.5^de	12.9 ± 1^f	-	-	-	-	-	-
Orange oil	23.7 ± 0.7^b	22.2 ± 0.7 ^c	16.5 ± 0.2^bc	10.7 ± 0.5^d	21.6 ± 0.2^c	18.8 ± 0.2^d	9.4 ± 0.5^d	-	22.9 ± 0.5^b	19.4 ± 0.7^b	12.4 ± 0.2^d	-
Palmarosa oil	19 ± 0^cd	15.8 ± 0.2 ^e	9.9 ± 0.2 ^def	-	14.4 ± 0.5^ef	13.2 ± 0.5^ef	9.2 ± 0.2^d	-	8.2 ± 0.5^d	-	-	-
Peppermint oil	8.5 ± 0.2ⁱ	-	-	-	13.4 ± .52^ef	11.2 ± 0.8^g	-	-	-	-	-	-
Rosemary oil	17.4 ± 1^cd	15.9 ± 0.5^ef	9.7 ± 0^de	-	23.4 ± 0.2^c	21.9 ± 0.5^c	14.5 ± 0.5^b	8.3 ± 0.5^d	17.5 ± 1^c	15.1 ± 0.7^c	9.1 ± 0.2^f	-
Basil oil	8.9 ± 0.7^ghi	-	-	-	8.23 ± 0.5^h	-	-	-	10.5 ± 0.5^d	8.2 ± 0.5^e	-	-
Vetiver oil	11.5 ± 0.5^g	10.3 ± 0.2	11.4 ± 0.5^de	-	13.5 ± 0.5^ef	11.7 ± 0.5^g	8.2 ± 0.2^d	-	-	-	-	-
Wintergreen	15.8 ± 0.7^ef	14.8 ± 0.5 ^f	9.5 ± 1 ^def	-	10.2	-	-	-	8.9 ± 1^d	-	-	-
Streptomycin**	18.4 ± 0.7				16.4 ± 0.2				21.2 ± 0.1
Vehicle control	-				-				-

** Streptomycin disc (25 μg) as a positive reference standard; Values are mean inhibition zone(mm) ± S.D of three replicates

Means within a column followed by different letters are statistically significant by tukey's test at p = 0.05; - no activity.