FIG. 1.

Initiation of T. brucei brucei AnTat1.1E infections in the presence and absence of G. morsitans morsitans saliva. Shown are the effects on the parasitemia (A) and survival (B) of TLR-2/4^−/− mice. Arrows in panel A indicate the analysis of early inflammatory responses at the dermal infection site by RT-QPCR (empty arrow, 1 and 3 hours after infection initiation) and systemic immune responses measured by ELISA for serum and by RT-QPCR for RNA extracted from the white blood cell fraction (filled arrows, 3 and 6 days after infection initiation). The presented data are representative of four independent experiments with at least four mice per group.