FIG. 2.

Effects of reinfection with S. japonicum on odds of all-cause anemia (A), iron-deficiency anemia (B), and non-iron-deficiency anemia (C) at 12 and 18 months posttreatment. Odds ratios (symbols) and 95% confidence limits (error bars) were estimated using marginal logistic (GEE) regression and were adjusted for potential confounding influences of age, sex, socioeconomic status, baseline S. japonicum egg count, and concurrent hookworm infection and for within-person correlation. Odds ratios were estimated by assuming the median reinfection duration at each follow-up, i.e., 7.5 and 13.5 months at the 12- and 18-month follow-ups, respectively, for different representative infection intensities based on the distribution of egg counts at each follow-up (3, 10, 22, 73, 212, and 383 epg at the 12-month follow-up and 3, 10, 30, 83, 287, and 483 epg at the 18-month follow-up). Numbers above the error bars represent the attributable fractions in the exposed population, given for significant comparisons only.