Resolution of genital infection in C. muridarum-challenged HLA-DR4 tg mice. HLA-DR4 tg, MHC-IIΔ/Δ, and conventional C57BL/6 animals (five mice/group) were challenged i.vag with 1,500 IFU of C. muridarum, and vaginal chlamydial shedding was monitored at 3-day intervals. (A) Numbers of chlamydial IFU recovered from vaginal swabs at the indicated days after genital challenge. Each bar represents the mean ± SD for the animal group. *, significant difference in numbers of recovered chlamydial organisms from MHC-IIΔ/Δ mice compared to those of HLA-DR4 tg and C57BL/6 animals (P < 0.01, Kruskal-Wallis test). (B) Percentage of animals shedding Chlamydia after genital challenge. Significant differences were detected in the time required for resolution of infection between challenged MHC-IIΔ/Δ mice and all other experimental groups (P < 0.05, Kaplan-Meier test). Results are representative of two independent experiments.