MBP–apoptin forms nucleoprotein superstructures with DNA with a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼100 nm. Analysis of MBP–apoptin complexes, deposited on mica, visualised by SFM. (A) MBP–apoptin alone, 2 × 2 µm surface area. (B) MBP–apoptin combined with pUC19 at a ratio of 320 bp per multimer. (C) As (B). Height is indicated in grey scale; bar is from 0.0 (black) to 1.5 nm (white). (D) The hydrodynamic diameter of MBP–apoptin–DNA superstructures in solution was determined as a function of DNA length by dynamic light scattering. MBP–apoptin (50 µg/ml, 20 nM multimers) was combined with 5 µg/ml dsDNA (7.5 µM bp, which corresponds to 350 bp/multimer) in 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 10 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA. Varying the DNA to protein ratio between 200 bp and 4 kb per multimer had no significant effect on the size of the complexes.