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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Dec 14.
Published in final edited form as: Anim Behav. 2005 Oct;70(4):921–935. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.02.004

Table 2.

Association matrix for context variables1

During dawn chorus Countersinging Female present Territory edge
Countersinging 0.209 (+)
Female present 0.073 (−) 0.082 (+)
Territory edge 0.087 (+) 0.051 (+) 0.104 (−)
Close to nest 0.141 (−) 0.060 (−) 0.258 (+) 0.392 (−)
1

Table shows Phi coefficient of association (effect size) for each 2 by 2 contingency table comparing pairs of dichotomous contexts. Values of Phi can range from 0 (no association) to 1 (perfect association). A plus (+) or minus (−) indicates whether the observed counts of the listed levels of the variables were greater or less than expected, respectively.