Table 1.

Summary of separate subpopulation analyses of Hawaiian monk seal survival rates, indicating where significant differences in age-specific survival, temporal variability and gender differences in survival were found.

subpopulation	years	age groups (years)	time variation	gender
French Frigate Shoals	1984–2004	1–2, 3–4, 5–17, 18–20a	all but 18–20 years	all agesb
Laysan Island	1983–2004	1–2, 3–4, 5–17, 18–21a	all age groups	no
Lisianski Island	1982–2004	1–2, 3–4, 5–22	1–2 and 3–4 years	no
Pearl and Hermes	1983–2004	1–2, 3–16, 17–21a	all but 17–20 years	no
Midway	1988–2004	1–2, 3–5, 6–16	no	no
Kure	1981–2004	1, 2, 3, 4–17, 18–23a	only 1 year	no

^aOldest age group had reduced survival.

^bFemales had higher survival than males.