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Fledging success (percentage of fledged chicks) in the four-chick broods (filled bars) or single-chick broods (open bars) (excluding predated nests) in relation to experimental treatments. Mean+s.e. shown for four- and single-chick shortened (n=16 and 14), control (n=25 and 23) and prolonged (n=13 and 14) broods.
