Figure 1.
Pathways are in essence made up of proteins and other ‘elements’ that affect downstream elements (which may or may not show feedback on upstream elements). Most pathways have some feedback mechanism from downstream to upstream elements. When the input doesn't come from the (conceptualized) start of the pathway (there is really no start point—the pathway is what it is), upstream elements from the input may be downregulated through negative feedback as depicted here.