Table 2.

RN/1,000 APDC in Pennsylvania Hospitals 1994–2001, before and after Adjustment for Patient Turnover and Severity

	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001
Before adjustment
RN/1,000 APDC	2.84	2.88	2.94	2.92	2.89	2.88	2.86	2.81
After adjustment for patient turnover†
RN/1,000 APDC (adj)	2.84	2.75	2.65	2.54	2.43	2.37	2.29	2.26
Mean difference	0	−0.14	−0.29	−0.37	−0.47	−0.51	−0.60	−0.62
t-Value	—	−3.00*	−5.82***	−8.11***	−8.64***	−11.14***	−20.17***	−23.21***
After adjustment for patient turnover‡
RN/1,000 APDC (adj)	2.84	2.80	2.78	2.71	2.63	2.61	2.58	2.56
Mean difference	0	−0.10	−0.18	−0.22	−0.28	−0.29	−0.32	−0.33
t-Value	—	−12.45***	−14.66***	−17.18***	−19.47***	−18.75***	−20.18***	−22.60***
After adjustment for patient turnover† and severity
RN/1,000 APDC (adj)	2.86	2.71	2.71	2.51	1.96	1.93	1.20	2.09
Mean difference	0	−0.19	−0.23	−0.41	−0.95	−0.98	−0.92	−0.80
t-Value	—	−3.43***	−4.18***	−6.92***	−23.68***	−24.46***	−21.61***	−20.44***
After adjustment for patient turnover‡ and severity
RN/1,000 APDC (adj)	2.86	2.75	2.81	2.68	2.16	2.23	2.28	2.43
Mean difference	0	−0.14	−0.11	−0.25	−0.75	−0.81	−0.68	−0.56
t-Value	—	−5.31***	−3.42***	−5.39***	−20.86***	−16.60***	−18.33***	−12.40***

^*p<.01;

^**p<.001;

^***p<.0001.

^†Turnover adjustment 1 uses 1/LOS.

^‡Turnover adjustment 2 uses square root(1/LOS).