Table 1.
Comparison of study participants: Chinese Women in Seattle and Vancouver
| Screening mammography
|
Pap testing
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seattle (n = 216)
|
Vancouver (n = 193)
|
Seattle (n = 422)
|
Vancouver (n = 551)
|
||||
| No. (%)a | No. (%)a | P valueb | No. (%)a | No. (%)a | P valueb | ||
| Sociodemographic variables | |||||||
| Age, years | Age, years | ||||||
| 50–54 | 58 (27) | 58 (30) | 0.58 | 20–39 | 112 (27) | 182 (33) | 0.02 |
| 55–59 | 47 (22) | 39 (20) | 40–59 | 224 (53) | 288 (52) | ||
| 60–64 | 42 (19) | 33 (17) | 60–69 | 86 (20) | 81 (15) | ||
| 65–69 | 33 (15) | 38 (20) | |||||
| 70–74 | 36 (17) | 25 (13) | |||||
| Place of birth | |||||||
| Mainland China | 175 (81) | 112 (58) | <0.001 | 291 (69) | 287 (52) | <0.001 | |
| Hong Kong | 14 (6) | 62 (32) | 40 (9) | 197 (36) | |||
| South East Asiab,‡ | 16 (7) | 6 (3) | 61 (14) | 18 (3) | |||
| N. America | 7 (3) | 1 (1) | 23 (5) | 13 (2) | |||
| Other | 4 (2) | 12 (6) | 7 (2) | 36 (7) | |||
| Education | |||||||
| 0–6 years | 87 (41) | 69 (36) | 0.03 | 117 (28) | 78 (14) | <0.001 | |
| 7–12 years | 97 (45) | 76 (40) | 202 (48) | 240 (44) | |||
| 13+ years | 30 (14) | 46 (24) | 101 (24) | 230 (42) | |||
| Employed | |||||||
| Yes | 113 (53) | 77 (40) | 0.01 | 295 (70) | 331 (60) | 0.001 | |
| Housing | |||||||
| Owned | 182 (86) | 174 (94) | 0.01 | 356 (86) | 472 (87) | 0.55 | |
| Rented/subsidized | 30 (14) | 12 (6) | 60 (14) | 71 (13) | |||
| Income | |||||||
| Less than $20,000 | 54 (25) | 40 (21) | § | 81 (19) | 109 (20) | § | |
| $20–29,000 | 22 (10) | 29 (15) | 63 (15) | 96 (17) | |||
| $30–49,000 | 35 (16) | 35 (18) | 72 (17) | 119 (22) | |||
| $50,000 or more | 11 (5) | 19 (10) | 30 (7) | 74 (13) | |||
| Unknown | 94 (44) | 70 (36) | 176 (42) | 153 (28) | |||
| Marital status | |||||||
| Current | 175 (81) | 153 (79) | 0.59 | 359 (85) | 475 (86) | 0.68 | |
| Previous/never | 40 (19) | 40 (21) | 62 (15) | 76 (14) | |||
| Proportion of life in North America | |||||||
| 0–24% | 87 (40) | 85 (44) | 0.66 | 180 (43) | 273 (50) | 0.12 | |
| 25–49% | 75 (35) | 67 (35) | 156 (37) | 180 (33) | |||
| 50–100% | 53 (25) | 41 (21) | 83 (20) | 97 (18) | |||
| Religion | |||||||
| Buddhism/eastern | 61 (29) | 54 (28) | 0.01 | 136 (33) | 140 (26) | 0.005 | |
| Christianity | 42 (20) | 62 (32) | 67 (16) | 129 (24) | |||
| None | 109 (51) | 76 (40) | 208 (51) | 280 (51) | |||
| Speaks English fluently | |||||||
| Yes | 19 (9) | 45 (23) | <0.001 | 67 (16) | 221 (40) | <0.001 | |
| Health care access variables | |||||||
| Medical cost concerns | |||||||
| Yes | 56 (26) | 13 (7) | <0.001 | 107 (25) | 36 (7) | <0.001 | |
| Communicate with provider in Chinese | |||||||
| Yes | 68 (32) | 168 (88) | <0.001 | 94 (22) | 442 (81) | <0.001 | |
| No | 101 (47) | 15 (8) | 210 (50) | 68 (12) | |||
| No regular provider | 46 (21) | 9 (5) | 116 (28) | 35 (6) | |||
| Regular provider | |||||||
| Chinese male | 57 (27) | 130 (68) | <0.001 | 75 (18) | 305 (56) | <0.001 | |
| Chinese female | 15 (7) | 41 (21) | 27 (6) | 166 (31) | |||
| Non-Chinese male | 43 (20) | 7 (4) | 79 (19) | 20 (4) | |||
| Non-Chinese female | 51 (24) | 4 (2) | 121 (29) | 18 (3) | |||
| No regular provider | 46 (22) | 9 (5) | 116 (28) | 35 (6) | |||
| MD visit in last year | |||||||
| Yes | 162 (75) | 146 (76) | 0.88 | 295 (70) | 394 (72) | 0.59 | |
| Problems getting appointment | |||||||
| Yes | 67 (31) | 43 (22) | 0.05 | 129 (31) | 145 (26) | 0.14 | |
| Problems finding interpreter | |||||||
| Yes | 83 (38) | 21 (11) | <0.001 | 146 (35) | 72 (13) | <0.001 | |
| Problems with transportation | |||||||
| Yes | 43 (20) | 21 (11) | 0.01 | 56 (13) | 51 (9) | 0.04 | |
| Visited traditional healer in last year | |||||||
| Yes | 39 (18) | 73 (38) | <0.001 | 93 (22) | 188 (35) | <0.001 | |
a
Total number and % may not equal 100% due to missing values.
b
Comparing differences between Seattle and Vancouver study samples.
‡
Includes Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Vietnam.
§
Currencies not equivalent (US and Canadian dollars) and not compared between countries.