The ykr020wΔ and vps52Δ strains have smaller auto-phagosomes. Wild type (WT, TDY2), ykr020wΔ (FRY124), and vps52Δ (FRY125) cells were grown in YPD medium at 26°C to early log phase. Cultures were split in half and centrifuged. One sample was resus-pended again in YPD medium whereas the other was resuspended in SD-N medium. Cells were then grown at 37°C for 3 h. Permanganate fixation, dehydration, and embedding were carried out as described by Kaiser and Schekman (78). Uranyl acetate-stained sections were observed using a Philips CM10 transmission electron microscope. Examples of autophagosomes are indicated with an arrow. The bar is 1 μm.