Table 3.

Effect of methods on the percent of outcomes classified as new infections (n = 139).

Explanatory Variable	Univariate Analysis		Multivariate Analysis
	OR* (95% CI)	p-value	OR* (95% CI)	p-value
Number of markers
≥3 markers vs. 1–2 markers	1· 09 (0.56–2· 13)	0.80	1· 28 (0.45–3· 65)	0.64
Classification of mixed results†
not always recrudescence vs. always recrudescence	1· 92 (0.91–4· 03)	0.09	3· 31 (1· 22–9· 01)	0.02
Treatment group
artemisinin combination therapy vs. monotherapy	8· 20 (3· 52–19· 11)	< 0.0001	8· 56 (3· 34–21· 94)	< 0.0001
non-artemisinin combination therapy vs. monotherapy	2· 72 (1· 03–7· 16)	0.04	2· 30 (0.82–6· 47)	0.12
Geographic region
Africa vs. rest of the world	0.87 (0.44–1· 71)	0.68	3· 30 (1· 01–10.84)	0.05
Maximum duration of follow-up
> 28 days vs. ≤ 28 days	2· 54 (1· 23–5· 24)	0.01	4.10 (1· 28–13· 15)	0.02

* Odds Ratio for the outcome defined as: ≥ 50% of samples successfully genotyped were classified as new infections

^† Mixed results defined as a sample from the day of recurrent parasitaemia containing both alleles present in the baseline sample and new alleles not present in the baseline sample