Abstract
Background: Neonatal resuscitation is a common and important intervention, and adequate ventilation is the key to success. In the delivery room, positive pressure ventilation is given with manual ventilation devices using face masks. Mannequins are widely used to teach and practise this technique. During both simulated and real neonatal resuscitation, chest excursion is used to assess tidal volume delivery, and leakage from the mask is not measured.
Objective: To describe a system that allows measurement of mask leakage and estimation of tidal volume delivery.
Methods: Respiratory function monitors, a modified resuscitation mannequin, and a computer were used to measure leakage from the mask and to assess tidal volume delivery in a model of neonatal resuscitation.
Results: The volume of gas passing through a flow sensor was measured at the face mask. This was a good estimate of the tidal volume entering and leaving the lung in this model. Gas leakage between the mask and mannequin was also measured. This occurred principally during inflation, although gas leakage during deflation was seen when the total leakage was large. A volume of gas that distended the mask but did not enter the lung was also measured.
Conclusion: This system can be used to assess the effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation given using a face mask during simulated neonatal resuscitation. It could be useful for teaching neonatal resuscitation and assessing ventilation through a face mask.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (68.2 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Field D., Milner A. D., Hopkin I. E. Efficiency of manual resuscitators at birth. Arch Dis Child. 1986 Mar;61(3):300–302. doi: 10.1136/adc.61.3.300. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Finer Neil N., Rich Wade. Neonatal resuscitation: toward improved performance. Resuscitation. 2002 Apr;53(1):47–51. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9572(01)00494-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoskyns E. W., Milner A. D., Hopkin I. E. A simple method of face mask resuscitation at birth. Arch Dis Child. 1987 Apr;62(4):376–378. doi: 10.1136/adc.62.4.376. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Howells Rachel, Madar John. Newborn resuscitation training--which manikin. Resuscitation. 2002 Aug;54(2):175–181. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9572(02)00111-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Milner A. D., Vyas H., Hopkin I. E. Efficacy of facemask resuscitation at birth. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984 Dec 8;289(6458):1563–1565. doi: 10.1136/bmj.289.6458.1563. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morley C. J., Greenough A. Respiratory compliance in premature babies treated with artificial surfactant (ALEC). Arch Dis Child. 1991 Apr;66(4):467–471. doi: 10.1136/adc.66.4.467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Palme C., Nyström B., Tunell R. An evaluation of the efficiency of face masks in the resuscitation of newborn infants. Lancet. 1985 Jan 26;1(8422):207–210. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)92038-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]