Fig. 4.

Amylase can be used as a marker in flies and humans. (A and B) Amylase activity, but not protein levels, is increased in homogenates from Drosophila heads after 28 h of enforced waking (n = 20) (A) and in saliva samples taken from normal healthy humans (n = 9; P < 0.05) (B). In flies, 20 μM paraquat did not alter Amylase activity. Human saliva samples were collected at the same circadian time over consecutive weekends where each subject served as his or her own untreated control. (C and D) Amylase mRNA is increased in homogenates from Drosophila heads after 28 h of enforced waking (n = 20) (C) and in saliva samples taken from normal healthy humans (n = 6) after 28 h of waking (D) (P < 0.05).