Table 2. Reflexes to the lower urinary tract.

Afferent pathway	Efferent pathway	Central pathway
Urine storage
Low-level vesical afferent activity	1. External sphincter contraction (somatic nerves)	Spinal reflexes
(pelvic nerve)	2. Internal sphincter contraction (sympathetic nerves)
	3. Detrusor inhibition (sympathetic nerves)
	4. Ganglionic inhibition (sympathetic nerves)
	5. Sacral parasympathetic outflow inactive
Afferent activity from the external urethral sphincter	6. Inhibition of parasympathetic outflow	Spinal reflex
Micturition
High-level vesical afferent activity	1. Inhibition of external sphincter activity	Spinobulbospinal reflexes
(pelvic nerve)	2. Inhibition of sympathetic outflow
	3. Activation of parasympathetic outflow to the bladder
	4. Activation of parasympathetic outflow to the urethra	Spinal Reflex