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Effect of systemic treatment with anti-TNF-α antibody (100 μg kg−1, i.v.), given 5 min before carrageenan (a) or 5 min before and 3 h after carrageenan (b), on the mechanical allodynia induced by carrageenan injection. Each point represents the mean of 6–10 animals and vertical lines show the s.e.m. Asterisks denote the significance levels in comparison to control values: *P<0.05; **P<0.01.
