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TNFα is synergistic with RANKL in osteoclast regulation. (A) Dose-resorption effect on area of osteoclastic resorption of dentine slices on adding TNFα in a range of doses to PBMCs cultured in RANKL 30 ng/ml and M-CSF 25 ng/ml. (B) Effect on area of osteoclastic resorption of dentine slices of adding TNFα 1 ng/ml to RANKL at 5, 15, or 30 ng/ml. Mean of four to six slices in three experiments; error bars are the standard deviation.
