TK/GCV-induced apoptosis is not mediated by induction of CD95-L and TNF but may involve TRAIL induction. (A) TK/GCV induces expression of TRAIL but not of CD95-L and TNF. 1.5 × 107 SH-EP pHy TK11 cells containing 1.5 × 107 SH-EP pLSXN cells that lack TK (TK−) were treated with 10 μM GCV for the times indicated. mRNA was extracted, and reverse transcription–PCR for CD95-L, TNF, TRAIL, and β-actin was performed. As a positive control for CD95-L induction, SH-EP pHyTK11 cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml of doxorubicin (DO). (B) TK/GCV-mediated apoptosis is not blocked by antibodies against CD95 and TNF. SH-EP pHyTK11 cells (2 × 104) were treated for 48 h with 0.1 μg/ml of anti-APO-1 with or without 25 μg/ml of the blocking F(ab′)2 anti-APO-1, 1 ng/ml of rhTNF-α in the presence or absence of 25 μg/ml of anti-TNF-α, and 10 μM of GCV alone and with F(ab′)2 anti-APO-1 and anti-TNF-α, respectively.