Table 1. Comparison of type 1 and type 2 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2.
| 11β-HSD1 | 11β-HSD2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular mass | 34 kDa | 40 kDa |
| Principal function | Reductase | Dehydrogenase |
| Activity (Km) | Low affinity | High affinity |
| Cortisol: 17 μM | Cortisol:12 nM | |
| Corticosterone: 20 μM | Cortisosterone: 45 nM | |
| Cortisone: 200 μM | Dex: 140 nM | |
| Cortisone: NS | ||
| Aldosterone: NS | ||
| Cofactors | NADP(H) | NAD+ |
| Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | ||
| Distribution | Widespread | Discrete |
| Main loci | Liver | Renal tubule |
| Adipose tissue | Sweat glands | |
| Mature brain | Parotid glands | |
| Vasculature | Colon | |
| Developing brain | ||
| Placenta | ||
| Vasculature | ||
| Inhibitors | Glycerrhetinic acid | Glycerrhetinic acid |
| Carbenoxolone | Carbenoxolone | |
NS=not a substrate; Dex=dexamethasone.