Table 5.

Post-treatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (mmol/L) in randomized controlled trials

Interventions	No. of trials [references]	No. of participants	Weighted mean difference (95% confidence interval)	P value
RYR vs. no intervention/placebo
Zhibituo vs. no intervention	1 [22]	62	-0.16 (-0.71 to 0.39)	0.57
RYR supplement vs. placebo	1 [7]	83	-1.04 (-1.38 to -0.70)	< 0.00001
Xuezhikang vs. placebo	4 [8, 24–26]	323	-0.74 (-0.93 to -0.55)	< 0.00001
Zhibituo vs. placebo	1 [29]	205	-0.20 (-0.53 to 0.13)	0.24
RYR vs. statins
Xuezhikang vs. simvastatin	13 [6, 30–34, 36–38, 40–43]	1238	0.14 (-0.05 to 0.33)*	0.14
Xuezhikang vs. pravastatin	7 [44–50]	587	-0.09 (- 0.20 to 0.02)*	0.11
Xuezhikang vs. lovastatin	3 [51–53]	191	0.00 (- 0.26 to 0.27)	0.98
Xuezhikang vs. atorvastatin	1 [54]	60	0.20 (-0.10 to 0.50)	0.19
Xuezhikang vs. fluvastatin	1 [55]	118	0.14 (-0.10 to 0.38)	0.26
Zhibituo vs. simvastatin	8 [32, 56–62]	601	0.22 (0.04 to 0.39)	0.02
Zhibituo vs. provastatin	1 [22]	62	-0.11 (-0.60 to 0.38)	0.66
Zhibituo vs. lovastatin	1 [57]	45	0.03 (-0.30 to 0.36)	0.86
RYR vs. non-statin drugs
Xuezhikang vs. inositol nicotinate	4 [66–68, 70]	299	-0.63 (-0.96 to -0.30)	0.0002
Xuezhikang vs. fenofibrate	3 [32, 74, 76]	220	-0.10 (-1.05 to 0.85)*	0.84
Xuezhikang vs. gemfibrozil	3 [77–79]	152	-0.34 (-0.58 to -0.10)	0.005
Xuezhikang vs. fish oils	1 [81]	95	-0.89 (-1.41 to -0.37)	0.0008
Xuezhikang vs. conjugated estrogens	1 [85]	44	-0.10 (-0.43 to 0.23)	0.55
Xuezhikang vs. biphenalbid	1 [87]	64	-0.06 (-0.32 to 0.20)	0.65
Zhibituo vs. fish oils	5 [97–101]	489	-0.57 (-0.70 to -0.45)	< 0.00001
Zhibituo vs. fenofibrate	1 [32]	90	0.3 1 (0.04 to 0.58)	0.02
RYR vs. RYR
Xuezhikang vs. Zhibituo	5 [32, 106, 108, 109, 111]	628	-0.08 (-0.18 to 0.02)	0.12

* Random effects model