Table 2.
Absolute bioavailability of organic, inorganic, and rice-bound arsenic after in vivo assessment using the swine animal model (n = 3).
| Treatment | Dose (μg As/kg) | AUCa | Absolute bioavailability (%)b |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intravenous | |||
| MMA | 20 | 122.7 ± 13.6 | 100 |
| DMA | 20 | 84.9 ± 3.6 | 100 |
| AsIII | 20 | 87.6 ± 14.6 | 100 |
| AsV | 20 | 115.2 ± 40.6 | 100 |
| Oral gavage | |||
| MMA | 100 | 92.8 ± 26.3 | 16.7 ± 5.0 |
| DMA | 100 | 138.2 ± 1.1 | 33.3 ± 1.7 |
| AsIII | 80 | 483.7 ± 172.9 | 103.9 ± 25.8 |
| AsV | 100 | 463.8 ± 45.7 | 92.5 ± 22.3 |
| Rice | |||
| Questc | 3.3–5.2 | 3.6–6.6 | 33.1 ± 3.2d |
| Basmatie | 16.5–20.2 | 71.8–87.2 | 89.4 ± 9.4d |
a
Area under the curve data represents the mean ± SD of triplicate analyses.
b
Absolute bioavailability was calculated using the Equation 1 (see “Materials and Methods”).
c
As-contaminated rice was cooked in As-free water.
d
The bioavail-ability of As in Quest and Basmati White rice was calculated using speciation data outlined in Table 1 using Equation 2 (see “Materials and Methods”).
e
Supermarket-bought rice was cooked in water containing 1,000 μg AsV/L.