Table 4.
Bronchitic symptoms and yearly variability in air pollution by dog and cat ownership [ORa (95% CI)].
| Pollutant | Neither pet (n = 112) | Cat only (n = 71) | Dog only (n = 161) | Both pets (n = 131) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO2 | 1.16 (0.79–1.71) | 1.11 (0.61–2.01) | 1.53 (1.08–2.16) | 1.44 (0.96–2.15) |
| O3 | 1.09 (0.70–1.69) | 1.07 (0.60–1.90) | 1.26 (0.87–1.81) | 1.63 (1.06–2.53) |
| PM10 | 0.91 (0.53–1.56) | 0.84 (0.42–1.66) | 1.41 (0.91–2.19) | 1.89 (1.15–3.10) |
| PM2.5 | 1.11 (0.71–1.74) | 0.85 (0.46–1.57) | 1.53 (1.04–2.25) | 1.58 (1.02–2.46) |
| PM10–2.5 | 0.72 (0.40–1.29) | 0.84 (0.40–1.75) | 1.06 (0.67–1.68) | 1.69 (1.02–2.79) |
| EC | 0.92 (0.54–1.57) | 0.87 (0.43–1.75) | 1.40 (0.87–2.25) | 2.50 (1.37–4.58) |
| OC | 1.13 (0.67–1.90) | 0.97 (0.49–1.91) | 1.70 (1.09–2.64) | 2.22 (1.33–3.69) |
| Inorganic acid | 0.72 (0.46–1.13) | 0.73 (0.39–1.37) | 1.15 (0.78–1.69) | 1.79 (1.15–2.79) |
| Organic acid | 0.75 (0.45–1.26) | 1.24 (0.63–2.44) | 1.04 (0.68–1.58) | 1.72 (1.06–2.79) |
a
Odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) per 4.2, 4.3, 0.48, 0.77 ppb for NO2, O3, and inorganic and organic acid, respectively; and per 6.1, 3.4, 4.2, 0.29, and 1.2 μg/m3 for PM10, PM2.5, PM10–PM2.5, EC, and OC, respectively (estimate scaled to range for median community; see “Results” and Table 2). All models were adjusted for age, SHS and personal smoking history, sex, and race.