Editing of PheRS variants against cognate Phe. (A) ATP consumption in the presence of Phe (10 mM), tRNAPhe (10 μM), and PheRS (1 μM). (B) Phe-tRNAPhe hydrolysis by PheRS variants (0.5 μM). (C) Phe-tRNAPhe synthesis by PheRS variants (2 nM). ○, no enzyme; □, wild-type β-subunit; ▵, βE334A; ▴, βE334I; ×, βP263A/βY360A.