Table 1.
Preoperative variables
| No PPI | PPI | p Value | |
| Age (years) | 57.5 (14) | 65.7 (5.0) | 0.08 |
| Age >70 | 25% | 22% | 0.85 |
| Male sex (%) | 61% | 67% | 0.98 |
| Height (cm) | 172.3 (4.0) | 172.0 (2.0) | 0.96 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2 (4.0) | 25.1 (2.0) | 0.82 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.73 (0.20) | 1.66 (0.10) | 0.09 |
| Previous MI (%) | 3% | 22% | 0.05 |
| Anterior location of MI (%) | 54% | 56% | 0.82 |
| Previous PTCA (%) | 0.4% | 0% | 0.79 |
| Previous CABG (%) | 0.4% | 0% | 0.79 |
| COPD (%) | 11% | 0% | 0.6 |
| Hypertension (%) | 28% | 22% | 0.98 |
| Diabetes (%) | 15% | 22% | 0.91 |
| CHD (%) | 6% | 22% | 0.22 |
| Aortic stenosis (%) | 40% | 22% | 0.45 |
| Aortic regurgitation (%) | 28% | 67% | 0.03 |
| Aortic stenosis + regurgitation (%) | 32% | 11% | 0.33 |
| Associated valve disease (%) | 25% | 78% | 0.002 |
| Calcified aortic annulus | 45% | 46% | 0.86 |
| Other cardiac disease (%) | 16% | 33% | 0.37 |
| LVEF (%) | 50.4 (13.0) | 45.6 (12.3) | 0.27 |
| NYHA class | 2.44 (0.60) | 2.61 (0.50) | 0.45 |
| Bioprosthesis (%) | 2.7% | 0% | 0.57 |
| Left atrial enlargement (%) | 61% | 75% | 0.61 |
| Pulmonary hypertension (%) | 7% | 37.5% | 0.01 |
| Preoperative anaemia (%) | 2% | 25% | 0.02 |
| Preoperative electrolytic disorders (%) | 2% | 12,5% | 0.40 |
| Syncope (%) | 5% | 12% | 0.87 |
| Premature ventricular beats (%) | 7% | 11% | 0.92 |
| Preoperative paroxysmal AF (%) | 4% | 0% | 0.79 |
| Atrioventricular conduction disorders (%) | 3% | 12% | 0.59 |
| Intraventricular conduction disorders (%) | 21% | 0% | 0.26 |
| Preoperative calcium antagonist (%) | 7% | 0% | 0.88 |
| Preoperative β blockers (%) | 4% | 0% | 0.79 |
| Preoperative digitalis (%) | 42% | 88% | 0.03 |
| Preoperative amiodarone (%) | 7% | 0% | 0.88 |
| Preoperative ACE inhibitor (%) | 41% | 75% | 0.09 |
| Preoperative nitrates (%) | 21% | 12% | 0.81 |
Values are mean (SD) or %.
ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; AF, atrial fibrillation; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CHD, coronary heart disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PPI, permanent pacemaker implantation; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.