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editorial
. 2003 Sep;89(9):974–976. doi: 10.1136/heart.89.9.974

Table 1.

Diagnostic criteria for primary transient left ventricular apical ballooning

Major criteria

  • Reversible balloon-like left ventricular wall motion abnormality at the apex with hypercontraction of the basal segment

  • ST-T segment abnormalities on ECGs mimicking acute myocardial infarction
Minor criteria

  • Physical or emotional stress as triggering factors

  • Limited elevation of cardiac enzyme

  • Chest pain
Exclusion criteria

  • Ischaemic myocardial stunning

  • Subarachnoid haemorrhage

  • Pheochromocytoma crisis

  • Acute myocarditis

  • Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy