Table 1.
Clinical and echocardiographic findings of the study groups
| Control (n = 27) | HT (n = 25) | DM+HT (n = 18) | DM (n = 24) | p Value | |
| Women | 16 | 15 | 13 | 15 | NS |
| Age (years) | 50 (10) | 55 (8) | 54 (11) | 51 (10) | NS |
| Smokers | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | NS |
| PCL (mmol/l) | 4.8 (0.69) | 6.05 (1.38)* | 5.92 (1.78)* | 5.33 (1.46) | 0.019 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 75 (9) | 78 (12) | 80 (12) | 78 (10) | NS |
| LVDd (mm) | 46 (4) | 47 (5) | 47 (6) | 43 (5) | NS |
| LVSd (mm) | 30 (4) | 30 (5) | 30 (5) | 27 (4) | NS |
| EF (%) | 64 (7) | 68 (9) | 67 (7) | 67 (8) | NS |
| LAd (mm) | 33 (5) | 38 (6)* | 37 (5)* | 35 (4) | 0.008 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 84 (21) | 111 (37)* | 104 (31)* | 86 (21)†‡ | 0.005 |
| E/A | 1.09 (0.24) | 0.89 (0.21)* | 0.81 (0.17)* | 0.80 (0.16)* | <0.001 |
| DT (ms) | 203 (39) | 249 (54)* | 242 (42)* | 245 (51)* | 0.006 |
| IVRT (ms) | 85 (18) | 124 (23)* | 124 (14)* | 117 (18)* | <0.001 |
Data are mean (SD) or numbers. Probabilities determined by one way analysis of variance or χ2 test.
DM, diabetic group; DM+HT, diabetic−hypertensive group; DT, mitral early diastolic velocity deceleration time; E/A, ratio of mitral early to late diastolic velocity; EF, left ventricular ejection fraction; HT, hypertensive group; IVRT, left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time; LAd, left atrial systolic diameter; LVDd, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVSd, left ventricular systolic diameter; NS, not significant (p>0.05); PCL, plasma cholesterol concentration.
*Control group versus patient groups; †HT group versus the other study groups; ‡DM+HT group versus the other study groups.