Table 1.

 The new biology of aldosterone

• Aldosterone synthesis is widespread in the body outside of the adrenal cortex

• Aldosterone receptors are widespread in the body as well as traditional renal receptors

• Aldosterone produces endothelial vascular dysfunction

• Aldosterone produces tissue injury and fibrosis—seen in the myocardium, kidney, and cerebral tissues

• Aldosterone produces baroreceptor dysfunction