Table 5.

 Antibiotic prophylaxis for IE in dental care and upper respiratory tract procedures: administration of antibiotics respecting contraindications and usual conditions of use and surveillance

	Antibiotic	Dosage and route of administration
Ambulatory care*		Single dose in the hour before the procedure
No allergy to β lactams	Amoxicillin	3 g orally†
Allergy to β lactams	Pristinamycin‡ or	1 g orally
	clindamycin‡	600 mg orally
General anaesthesia§		Before (in the hour before the procedure)	After (6 hours later)
No allergy to β lactams	Amoxicillin	2 g iv (infusion 30 min)	1 g orally
Allergy to β lactams	Vancomycin or	1 g iv (infusion ⩾60 min)	No second dose
	teicoplanin	400 mg iv (bolus)

*Oral paediatric dosages: amoxicillin 75 mg/kg; clindamycin 15 mg/kg; pristinamycin 25 mg/kg; †2 g orally if the patient’s weight is <60 kg; ‡the respective percentage of streptococci strains with a decreased susceptibility to these two antibiotics must be taken into account for the choice; §paediatric dosages: amoxicillin 50 mg/kg intravenously (iv) before, 25 mg/kg orally 6 hours later; vancomycin 20 mg/kg (maximum 1 g); teicoplanin: no official approval for antibiotic prophylaxis in children.